/* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

/*
   ** This program is based on ZeusBench V1.0 written by Adam Twiss
   ** which is Copyright (c) 1996 by Zeus Technology Ltd. http://www.zeustech.net/
   **
   ** This software is provided "as is" and any express or implied waranties,
   ** including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
   ** fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed.  In no event shall
   ** Zeus Technology Ltd. be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special,
   ** exemplary, or consequential damaged (including, but not limited to,
   ** procurement of substitute good or services; loss of use, data, or profits;
   ** or business interruption) however caused and on theory of liability.  Whether
   ** in contract, strict liability or tort (including negligence or otherwise)
   ** arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if advised of the
   ** possibility of such damage.
   **
 */

/*
   ** HISTORY:
   **    - Originally written by Adam Twiss <adam@zeus.co.uk>, March 1996
   **      with input from Mike Belshe <mbelshe@netscape.com> and
   **      Michael Campanella <campanella@stevms.enet.dec.com>
   **    - Enhanced by Dean Gaudet <dgaudet@apache.org>, November 1997
   **    - Cleaned up by Ralf S. Engelschall <rse@apache.org>, March 1998
   **    - POST and verbosity by Kurt Sussman <kls@merlot.com>, August 1998
   **    - HTML table output added by David N. Welton <davidw@prosa.it>, January 1999
   **    - Added Cookie, Arbitrary header and auth support. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 1999
   ** Version 1.3d
   **    - Increased version number - as some of the socket/error handling has
   **      fundamentally changed - and will give fundamentally different results
   **      in situations where a server is dropping requests. Therefore you can
   **      no longer compare results of AB as easily. Hence the inc of the version.
   **      They should be closer to the truth though. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000.
   **    - Fixed proxy functionality, added median/mean statistics, added gnuplot
   **      output option, added _experimental/rudimentary_ SSL support. Added
   **      confidence guestimators and warnings. Sander & <dirkx@covalent.net>, End 2000
   **    - Fixed serious int overflow issues which would cause realistic (longer
   **      than a few minutes) run's to have wrong (but believable) results. Added
   **      trapping of connection errors which influenced measurements.
   **      Contributed by Sander Temme, Early 2001
   ** Version 1.3e
   **    - Changed timeout behavour during write to work whilst the sockets
   **      are filling up and apr_write() does writes a few - but not all.
   **      This will potentially change results. <dirkx@webweaving.org>, April 2001
   ** Version 2.0.36-dev
   **    Improvements to concurrent processing:
   **      - Enabled non-blocking connect()s.
   **      - Prevent blocking calls to apr_socket_recv() (thereby allowing AB to
   **        manage its entire set of socket descriptors).
   **      - Any error returned from apr_socket_recv() that is not EAGAIN or EOF
   **        is now treated as fatal.
   **      Contributed by Aaron Bannert, April 24, 2002
   **
   ** Version 2.0.36-2
   **     Internalized the version string - this string is part
   **     of the Agent: header and the result output.
   **
   ** Version 2.0.37-dev
   **     Adopted SSL code by Madhu Mathihalli <madhusudan_mathihalli@hp.com>
   **     [PATCH] ab with SSL support  Posted Wed, 15 Aug 2001 20:55:06 GMT
   **     Introduces four 'if (int == value)' tests per non-ssl request.
   **
   ** Version 2.0.40-dev
   **     Switched to the new abstract pollset API, allowing ab to
   **     take advantage of future apr_pollset_t scalability improvements.
   **     Contributed by Brian Pane, August 31, 2002
   **/

/* Note: this version string should start with \d+[\d\.]* and be a valid
 * string for an HTTP Agent: header when prefixed with 'ApacheBench/'.
 * It should reflect the version of AB - and not that of the apache server
 * it happens to accompany. And it should be updated or changed whenever
 * the results are no longer fundamentally comparable to the results of
 * a previous version of ab. Either due to a change in the logic of
 * ab - or to due to a change in the distribution it is compiled with
 * (such as an APR change in for example blocking).
 */
#define AP_AB_BASEREVISION "2.0.40-dev"

/*
 * BUGS:
 *
 * - uses strcpy/etc.
 * - has various other poor buffer attacks related to the lazy parsing of
 *   response headers from the server
 * - doesn't implement much of HTTP/1.x, only accepts certain forms of
 *   responses
 * - (performance problem) heavy use of strstr shows up top in profile
 *   only an issue for loopback usage
 */

/*  -------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#if 'A' != 0x41
/* Hmmm... This source code isn't being compiled in ASCII.
 * In order for data that flows over the network to make
 * sense, we need to translate to/from ASCII.
 */
#define NOT_ASCII
#endif

/* affects include files on Solaris */
#define BSD_COMP

#include "apr.h"
#include "apr_signal.h"
#include "apr_strings.h"
#include "apr_network_io.h"
#include "apr_file_io.h"
#include "apr_time.h"
#include "apr_getopt.h"
#include "apr_general.h"
#include "apr_lib.h"
#include "apr_portable.h"
#include "ap_release.h"
#include "apr_poll.h"

#define APR_WANT_STRFUNC
#include "apr_want.h"

#include "apr_base64.h"
#ifdef NOT_ASCII
#include "apr_xlate.h"
#endif
#if APR_HAVE_STDIO_H
#include <stdio.h>
#endif
#if APR_HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#if APR_HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h> /* for getpid() */
#endif

#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE)
#include "ap_config_auto.h"
#endif

#if defined(HAVE_SSLC)

/* Libraries for RSA SSL-C */
#include <rsa.h>
#include <x509.h>
#include <pem.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <ssl.h>
#include <r_rand.h>
#include <sslc.h>
#define USE_SSL
#define RSAREF
#define SK_NUM(x) sk_num(x)
#define SK_VALUE(x,y) sk_value(x,y)
typedef STACK X509_STACK_TYPE;

#elif defined(HAVE_OPENSSL)

/* Libraries on most systems.. */
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/crypto.h>
#include <openssl/x509.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>
#define USE_SSL
#define SK_NUM(x) sk_X509_num(x)
#define SK_VALUE(x,y) sk_X509_value(x,y)
typedef STACK_OF(X509) X509_STACK_TYPE;

#endif

#include <math.h>
#if APR_HAVE_CTYPE_H
#include <ctype.h>
#endif

/* ------------------- DEFINITIONS -------------------------- */

#ifndef LLONG_MAX
#define AB_MAX APR_INT64_C(0x7fffffffffffffff)
#else
#define AB_MAX LLONG_MAX
#endif

/* maximum number of requests on a time limited test */
#define MAX_REQUESTS 50000

/* good old state hostname */
#define STATE_UNCONNECTED 0
#define STATE_CONNECTING  1     /* TCP connect initiated, but we don't
                                 * know if it worked yet
                                 */
#define STATE_CONNECTED   2     /* we know TCP connect completed */
#define STATE_READ        3

#define CBUFFSIZE (2048)

struct connection {
    apr_pool_t *ctx;
    apr_socket_t *aprsock;
    int state;
    apr_size_t read;            /* amount of bytes read */
    apr_size_t bread;           /* amount of body read */
    apr_size_t rwrite, rwrote;  /* keep pointers in what we write - across
                                 * EAGAINs */
    apr_size_t length;          /* Content-Length value used for keep-alive */
    char cbuff[CBUFFSIZE];      /* a buffer to store server response header */
    int cbx;                    /* offset in cbuffer */
    int keepalive;              /* non-zero if a keep-alive request */
    int gotheader;              /* non-zero if we have the entire header in
                                 * cbuff */
    apr_time_t start,           /* Start of connection */
               connect,         /* Connected, start writing */
               endwrite,        /* Request written */
               beginread,       /* First byte of input */
               done;            /* Connection closed */

    int socknum;
#ifdef USE_SSL
    SSL *ssl;
#endif
};

struct data {
    int read;              /* number of bytes read */
    apr_time_t starttime;  /* start time of connection in seconds since
                            * Jan. 1, 1970 */
    apr_interval_time_t waittime;   /* Between writing request and reading
                                     * response */
    apr_interval_time_t ctime;      /* time in ms to connect */
    apr_interval_time_t time;       /* time in ms for connection */
};

#define ap_min(a,b) ((a)<(b))?(a):(b)
#define ap_max(a,b) ((a)>(b))?(a):(b)
#define MAX_CONCURRENCY 20000

/* --------------------- GLOBALS ---------------------------- */

int verbosity = 0;      /* no verbosity by default */
int posting = 0;        /* GET by default */
int requests = 1;       /* Number of requests to make */
int heartbeatres = 100; /* How often do we say we're alive */
int concurrency = 1;    /* Number of multiple requests to make */
int percentile = 1;     /* Show percentile served */
int confidence = 1;     /* Show confidence estimator and warnings */
int tlimit = 0;         /* time limit in secs */
int keepalive = 0;      /* try and do keepalive connections */
char servername[1024];  /* name that server reports */
char *hostname;         /* host name from URL */
char *host_field;       /* value of "Host:" header field */
char *path;             /* path name */
char postfile[1024];    /* name of file containing post data */
char *postdata;         /* *buffer containing data from postfile */
apr_size_t postlen = 0; /* length of data to be POSTed */
char content_type[1024];/* content type to put in POST header */
char *cookie,           /* optional cookie line */
     *auth,             /* optional (basic/uuencoded) auhentication */
     *hdrs;             /* optional arbitrary headers */
apr_port_t port;        /* port number */
char proxyhost[1024];   /* proxy host name */
int proxyport = 0;      /* proxy port */
char *connecthost;
apr_port_t connectport;
char *gnuplot;          /* GNUplot file */
char *csvperc;          /* CSV Percentile file */
char url[1024];
char * fullurl, * colonhost;
int isproxy = 0;
apr_interval_time_t aprtimeout = apr_time_from_sec(30); /* timeout value */
 /*
  * XXX - this is now a per read/write transact type of value
  */

int use_html = 0;       /* use html in the report */
const char *tablestring;
const char *trstring;
const char *tdstring;

apr_size_t doclen = 0;      /* the length the document should be */
long started = 0;           /* number of requests started, so no excess */
long totalread = 0;         /* total number of bytes read */
long totalbread = 0;        /* totoal amount of entity body read */
long totalposted = 0;       /* total number of bytes posted, inc. headers */
long done = 0;              /* number of requests we have done */
long doneka = 0;            /* number of keep alive connections done */
long good = 0, bad = 0;     /* number of good and bad requests */
long epipe = 0;             /* number of broken pipe writes */

#ifdef USE_SSL
int is_ssl;
SSL_CTX *ssl_ctx;
char *ssl_cipher = NULL;
char *ssl_info = NULL;
BIO *bio_out,*bio_err;
#endif

/* store error cases */
int err_length = 0, err_conn = 0, err_except = 0;
int err_response = 0;

apr_time_t start, endtime;

/* global request (and its length) */
char _request[2048];
char *request = _request;
apr_size_t reqlen;

/* one global throw-away buffer to read stuff into */
char buffer[8192];

/* interesting percentiles */
int percs[] = {50, 66, 75, 80, 90, 95, 98, 99, 100};

struct connection *con;     /* connection array */
struct data *stats;         /* date for each request */
apr_pool_t *cntxt;

apr_pollset_t *readbits;

apr_sockaddr_t *destsa;

#ifdef NOT_ASCII
apr_xlate_t *from_ascii, *to_ascii;
#endif

static void write_request(struct connection * c);
static void close_connection(struct connection * c);

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */

/* simple little function to write an error string and exit */

static void err(char *s)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s);
    if (done)
        printf("Total of %ld requests completed\n" , done);
    exit(1);
}

/* simple little function to write an APR error string and exit */

static void apr_err(char *s, apr_status_t rv)
{
    char buf[120];

    fprintf(stderr,
        "%s: %s (%d)\n",
        s, apr_strerror(rv, buf, sizeof buf), rv);
    if (done)
        printf("Total of %ld requests completed\n" , done);
    exit(rv);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */
/* write out request to a connection - assumes we can write
 * (small) request out in one go into our new socket buffer
 *
 */
#ifdef USE_SSL
static long ssl_print_cb(BIO *bio,int cmd,const char *argp,int argi,long argl,long ret)
{
    BIO *out;

    out=(BIO *)BIO_get_callback_arg(bio);
    if (out == NULL) return(ret);

    if (cmd == (BIO_CB_READ|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
        BIO_printf(out,"read from %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
                   bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
        BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
        return(ret);
    }
    else if (cmd == (BIO_CB_WRITE|BIO_CB_RETURN)) {
        BIO_printf(out,"write to %p [%p] (%d bytes => %ld (0x%lX))\n",
                   bio, argp, argi, ret, ret);
        BIO_dump(out,(char *)argp,(int)ret);
    }
    return ret;
}

static void ssl_state_cb(const SSL *s, int w, int r)
{
    if (w & SSL_CB_ALERT) {
        BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Alert [%s] %s:%s\n",
                   (w & SSL_CB_READ ? "read" : "write"),
                   SSL_alert_type_string_long(r),
                   SSL_alert_desc_string_long(r));
    } else if (w & SSL_CB_LOOP) {
        BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS State [%s] %s\n",
                   (SSL_in_connect_init((SSL*)s) ? "connect" : "-"),
                   SSL_state_string_long(s));
    } else if (w & (SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START|SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_DONE)) {
        BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL/TLS Handshake [%s] %s\n",
                   (w & SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START ? "Start" : "Done"),
                   SSL_state_string_long(s));
    }
}

#ifndef RAND_MAX
#include <limits.h>
#define RAND_MAX INT_MAX
#endif

static int ssl_rand_choosenum(int l, int h)
{
    int i;
    char buf[50];

    srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
    apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f",
                 (((double)(rand()%RAND_MAX)/RAND_MAX)*(h-l)));
    i = atoi(buf)+1;
    if (i < l) i = l;
    if (i > h) i = h;
    return i;
}

static void ssl_rand_seed(void)
{
    int nDone = 0;
    int n, l;
    time_t t;
    pid_t pid;
    unsigned char stackdata[256];

    /*
     * seed in the current time (usually just 4 bytes)
     */
    t = time(NULL);
    l = sizeof(time_t);
    RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&t, l);
    nDone += l;

    /*
     * seed in the current process id (usually just 4 bytes)
     */
    pid = getpid();
    l = sizeof(pid_t);
    RAND_seed((unsigned char *)&pid, l);
    nDone += l;

    /*
     * seed in some current state of the run-time stack (128 bytes)
     */
    n = ssl_rand_choosenum(0, sizeof(stackdata)-128-1);
    RAND_seed(stackdata+n, 128);
    nDone += 128;
}

static int ssl_print_connection_info(BIO *bio, SSL *ssl)
{
    SSL_CIPHER *c;
    int alg_bits,bits;

    c = SSL_get_current_cipher(ssl);
    BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Protocol   :%s\n", SSL_CIPHER_get_version(c));
    BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Name       :%s\n",SSL_CIPHER_get_name(c));

    bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(c,&alg_bits);
    BIO_printf(bio,"Cipher Suite Cipher Bits:%d (%d)\n",bits,alg_bits);

    return(1);
}

static void ssl_print_cert_info(BIO *bio, X509 *cert)
{
    X509_NAME *dn;
    char buf[1024];

    BIO_printf(bio, "Certificate version: %ld\n", X509_get_version(cert)+1);
    BIO_printf(bio,"Valid from: ");
    ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notBefore(cert));
    BIO_printf(bio,"\n");

    BIO_printf(bio,"Valid to  : ");
    ASN1_UTCTIME_print(bio, X509_get_notAfter(cert));
    BIO_printf(bio,"\n");

    BIO_printf(bio,"Public key is %d bits\n",
               EVP_PKEY_bits(X509_get_pubkey(cert)));

    dn = X509_get_issuer_name(cert);
    X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
    BIO_printf(bio,"The issuer name is %s\n", buf);

    dn=X509_get_subject_name(cert);
    X509_NAME_oneline(dn, buf, sizeof(buf));
    BIO_printf(bio,"The subject name is %s\n", buf);

    /* dump the extension list too */
    BIO_printf(bio, "Extension Count: %d\n", X509_get_ext_count(cert));
}

static void ssl_print_info(struct connection *c)
{
    X509_STACK_TYPE *sk;
    X509 *cert;
    int count;

    BIO_printf(bio_err, "\n");
    sk = SSL_get_peer_cert_chain(c->ssl);
    if ((count = SK_NUM(sk)) > 0) {
        int i;
        for (i=1; i<count; i++) {
            cert = (X509 *)SK_VALUE(sk, i);
            ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
            X509_free(cert);
    }
    }
    cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
    if (cert == NULL) {
        BIO_printf(bio_out, "Anon DH\n");
    } else {
        BIO_printf(bio_out, "Peer certificate\n");
        ssl_print_cert_info(bio_out, cert);
        X509_free(cert);
    }
    ssl_print_connection_info(bio_err,c->ssl);
    SSL_SESSION_print(bio_err, SSL_get_session(c->ssl));
    }

static void ssl_proceed_handshake(struct connection *c)
{
    int do_next = 1;

    while (do_next) {
        int ret, ecode;
        apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;

        ret = SSL_do_handshake(c->ssl);
        ecode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, ret);

        switch (ecode) {
        case SSL_ERROR_NONE:
            if (verbosity >= 2)
                ssl_print_info(c);
            if (ssl_info == NULL) {
                SSL_CIPHER *ci;
                X509 *cert;
                int sk_bits, pk_bits, swork;

                ci = SSL_get_current_cipher(c->ssl);
                sk_bits = SSL_CIPHER_get_bits(ci, &swork);
                cert = SSL_get_peer_certificate(c->ssl);
                if (cert)
                    pk_bits = EVP_PKEY_bits(X509_get_pubkey(cert));
                else
                    pk_bits = 0;  /* Anon DH */

                ssl_info = malloc(128);
                apr_snprintf(ssl_info, 128, "%s,%s,%d,%d",
                             SSL_CIPHER_get_version(ci),
                             SSL_CIPHER_get_name(ci),
                             pk_bits, sk_bits);
            }
            write_request(c);
            do_next = 0;
            break;
        case SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ:
            new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
            new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
            new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
            new_pollfd.client_data = c;
            apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
            do_next = 0;
            break;
        case SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE:
            /* Try again */
            do_next = 1;
            break;
        case SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT:
        case SSL_ERROR_SSL:
        case SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL:
            /* Unexpected result */
            BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL handshake failed (%d).\n", ecode);
            ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
            close_connection(c);
            do_next = 0;
            break;
        }
    }
}

#endif /* USE_SSL */

static void write_request(struct connection * c)
{
    do {
        apr_time_t tnow = apr_time_now();
        apr_size_t l = c->rwrite;
        apr_status_t e = APR_SUCCESS; /* prevent gcc warning */

        /*
         * First time round ?
         */
        if (c->rwrite == 0) {
            apr_socket_timeout_set(c->aprsock, 0);
            c->connect = tnow;
            c->rwrite = reqlen;
            c->rwrote = 0;
            if (posting)
                c->rwrite += postlen;
        }
        else if (tnow > c->connect + aprtimeout) {
            printf("Send request timed out!\n");
            close_connection(c);
            return;
        }

#ifdef USE_SSL
        if (c->ssl) {
            apr_size_t e_ssl;
            e_ssl = SSL_write(c->ssl,request + c->rwrote, l);
            if (e_ssl != l) {
                BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL write failed - closing connection\n");
                ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
                close_connection (c);
                return;
            }
            l = e_ssl;
            e = APR_SUCCESS;
        }
        else
#endif
            e = apr_socket_send(c->aprsock, request + c->rwrote, &l);

        /*
         * Bail early on the most common case
         */
        if (l == c->rwrite)
            break;

        if (e != APR_SUCCESS) {
            /*
             * Let's hope this traps EWOULDBLOCK too !
             */
            if (!APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(e)) {
                epipe++;
                printf("Send request failed!\n");
                close_connection(c);
            }
            return;
        }
        c->rwrote += l;
        c->rwrite -= l;
    } while (1);

    totalposted += c->rwrite;
    c->state = STATE_READ;
    c->endwrite = apr_time_now();
    {
        apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
        new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
        new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
        new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
        new_pollfd.client_data = c;
        apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */

/* calculate and output results */

static int compradre(struct data * a, struct data * b)
{
    if ((a->ctime) < (b->ctime))
        return -1;
    if ((a->ctime) > (b->ctime))
        return +1;
    return 0;
}

static int comprando(struct data * a, struct data * b)
{
    if ((a->time) < (b->time))
        return -1;
    if ((a->time) > (b->time))
        return +1;
    return 0;
}

static int compri(struct data * a, struct data * b)
{
    apr_interval_time_t p = a->time - a->ctime;
    apr_interval_time_t q = b->time - b->ctime;
    if (p < q)
        return -1;
    if (p > q)
        return +1;
    return 0;
}

static int compwait(struct data * a, struct data * b)
{
    if ((a->waittime) < (b->waittime))
        return -1;
    if ((a->waittime) > (b->waittime))
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

static void output_results(void)
{
    apr_interval_time_t timetakenusec;
    float timetaken;

    endtime = apr_time_now();
    timetakenusec = endtime - start;
    timetaken = ((float)apr_time_sec(timetakenusec)) +
        ((float)apr_time_usec(timetakenusec)) / 1000000.0F;

    printf("\n\n");
    printf("Server Software:        %s\n", servername);
    printf("Server Hostname:        %s\n", hostname);
    printf("Server Port:            %hd\n", port);
#ifdef USE_SSL
    if (is_ssl && ssl_info) {
        printf("SSL/TLS Protocol:       %s\n", ssl_info);
    }
#endif
    printf("\n");
    printf("Document Path:          %s\n", path);
    printf("Document Length:        %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes\n", doclen);
    printf("\n");
    printf("Concurrency Level:      %d\n", concurrency);
    printf("Time taken for tests:   %ld.%03ld seconds\n",
           (long) apr_time_sec(timetakenusec),
           (long) apr_time_usec(timetakenusec));
    printf("Complete requests:      %ld\n", done);
    printf("Failed requests:        %ld\n", bad);
    if (bad)
        printf("   (Connect: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)\n",
            err_conn, err_length, err_except);
    printf("Write errors:           %ld\n", epipe);
    if (err_response)
        printf("Non-2xx responses:      %d\n", err_response);
    if (keepalive)
        printf("Keep-Alive requests:    %ld\n", doneka);
    printf("Total transferred:      %ld bytes\n", totalread);
    if (posting > 0)
        printf("Total POSTed:           %ld\n", totalposted);
    printf("HTML transferred:       %ld bytes\n", totalbread);

    /* avoid divide by zero */
    if (timetaken) {
        printf("Requests per second:    %.2f [#/sec] (mean)\n",
               (float) (done / timetaken));
        printf("Time per request:       %.3f [ms] (mean)\n",
               (float) (1000 * concurrency * timetaken / done));
        printf("Time per request:       %.3f [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)\n",
           (float) (1000 * timetaken / done));
        printf("Transfer rate:          %.2f [Kbytes/sec] received\n",
           (float) (totalread / 1024 / timetaken));
        if (posting > 0) {
            printf("                        %.2f kb/s sent\n",
               (float) (totalposted / timetaken / 1024));
            printf("                        %.2f kb/s total\n",
               (float) ((totalread + totalposted) / timetaken / 1024));
        }
    }

    if (requests) {
        /* work out connection times */
        long i;
        apr_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0, totald = 0, totalwait = 0;
        apr_time_t meancon, meantot, meand, meanwait;
        apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX, mind = AB_MAX,
                            minwait = AB_MAX;
        apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0, maxd = 0, maxwait = 0;
        apr_interval_time_t mediancon = 0, mediantot = 0, mediand = 0, medianwait = 0;
        double sdtot = 0, sdcon = 0, sdd = 0, sdwait = 0;

        for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
            struct data s = stats[i];
            mincon = ap_min(mincon, s.ctime);
            mintot = ap_min(mintot, s.time);
            mind = ap_min(mind, s.time - s.ctime);
            minwait = ap_min(minwait, s.waittime);

            maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s.ctime);
            maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s.time);
            maxd = ap_max(maxd, s.time - s.ctime);
            maxwait = ap_max(maxwait, s.waittime);

            totalcon += s.ctime;
            total += s.time;
            totald += s.time - s.ctime;
            totalwait += s.waittime;
        }
        meancon = totalcon / requests;
        meantot = total / requests;
        meand = totald / requests;
        meanwait = totalwait / requests;

        /* calculating the sample variance: the sum of the squared deviations, divided by n-1 */
        for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
            struct data s = stats[i];
            double a;
            a = ((double)s.time - meantot);
            sdtot += a * a;
            a = ((double)s.ctime - meancon);
            sdcon += a * a;
            a = ((double)s.time - (double)s.ctime - meand);
            sdd += a * a;
            a = ((double)s.waittime - meanwait);
            sdwait += a * a;
        }

        sdtot = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdtot / (requests - 1)) : 0;
        sdcon = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdcon / (requests - 1)) : 0;
        sdd = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdd / (requests - 1)) : 0;
        sdwait = (requests > 1) ? sqrt(sdwait / (requests - 1)) : 0;

        if (gnuplot) {
            FILE *out = fopen(gnuplot, "w");
            long i;
            apr_time_t sttime;
            char tmstring[1024];/* XXXX */
            if (!out) {
                perror("Cannot open gnuplot output file");
                exit(1);
            }
            fprintf(out, "starttime\tseconds\tctime\tdtime\tttime\twait\n");
            for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
                apr_time_t diff = stats[i].time - stats[i].ctime;

                sttime = stats[i].starttime;
                (void) apr_ctime(tmstring, sttime);
                fprintf(out, "%s\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\t%" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n",
                tmstring,
                sttime,
                stats[i].ctime,
                diff,
                stats[i].time,
                stats[i].waittime);
            }
            fclose(out);
        }
        /*
         * XXX: what is better; this hideous cast of the compradre function; or
         * the four warnings during compile ? dirkx just does not know and
         * hates both/
         */
        qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
              (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compradre);
        if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
            mediancon = (stats[requests / 2].ctime + stats[requests / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
        else
            mediancon = stats[requests / 2].ctime;

        qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
              (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compri);
        if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
            mediand = (stats[requests / 2].time + stats[requests / 2 + 1].time \
            -stats[requests / 2].ctime - stats[requests / 2 + 1].ctime) / 2;
        else
            mediand = stats[requests / 2].time - stats[requests / 2].ctime;

        qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
              (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) compwait);
        if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
            medianwait = (stats[requests / 2].waittime + stats[requests / 2 + 1].waittime) / 2;
        else
            medianwait = stats[requests / 2].waittime;

        qsort(stats, requests, sizeof(struct data),
              (int (*) (const void *, const void *)) comprando);
        if ((requests > 1) && (requests % 2))
            mediantot = (stats[requests / 2].time + stats[requests / 2 + 1].time) / 2;
        else
            mediantot = stats[requests / 2].time;

        printf("\nConnection Times (ms)\n");

        if (confidence) {
#define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %4d %5.1f %6" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %7" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
            printf("              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max\n");
            printf("Connect:    " CONF_FMT_STRING,
                       mincon, (int) (meancon + 0.5), sdcon, mediancon, maxcon);
            printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
               mind, (int) (meand + 0.5), sdd, mediand, maxd);
            printf("Waiting:    " CONF_FMT_STRING,
                   minwait, (int) (meanwait + 0.5), sdwait, medianwait, maxwait);
            printf("Total:      " CONF_FMT_STRING,
               mintot, (int) (meantot + 0.5), sdtot, mediantot, maxtot);
#undef CONF_FMT_STRING

#define     SANE(what,mean,median,sd) \
              { \
                double d = (double)mean - median; \
                if (d < 0) d = -d; \
                if (d > 2 * sd ) \
                    printf("ERROR: The median and mean for " what " are more than twice the standard\n" \
                           "       deviation apart. These results are NOT reliable.\n"); \
                else if (d > sd ) \
                    printf("WARNING: The median and mean for " what " are not within a normal deviation\n" \
                           "        These results are probably not that reliable.\n"); \
            }
            SANE("the initial connection time", meancon, mediancon, sdcon);
            SANE("the processing time", meand, mediand, sdd);
            SANE("the waiting time", meanwait, medianwait, sdwait);
            SANE("the total time", meantot, mediantot, sdtot);
        }
        else {
            printf("              min   avg   max\n");
#define CONF_FMT_STRING "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n"
            printf("Connect:    " CONF_FMT_STRING,
                mincon, meancon, maxcon);
            printf("Processing: " CONF_FMT_STRING,
                mintot - mincon, meantot - meancon,  maxtot - maxcon);
            printf("Total:      " CONF_FMT_STRING,
                mintot, meantot, maxtot);
#undef CONF_FMT_STRING
        }


        /* Sorted on total connect times */
        if (percentile && (requests > 1)) {
            printf("\nPercentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)\n");
            for (i = 0; i < sizeof(percs) / sizeof(int); i++) {
                if (percs[i] <= 0)
                    printf(" 0%%  <0> (never)\n");
                else if (percs[i] >= 100)
                    printf(" 100%%  %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT " (longest request)\n",
                           stats[requests - 1].time);
                else
                    printf("  %d%%  %5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "\n", percs[i],
                           stats[(int) (requests * percs[i] / 100)].time);
            }
        }
        if (csvperc) {
            FILE *out = fopen(csvperc, "w");
            int i;
            if (!out) {
                perror("Cannot open CSV output file");
                exit(1);
            }
            fprintf(out, "" "Percentage served" "," "Time in ms" "\n");
            for (i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                apr_time_t t;
                if (i == 0)
                    t = stats[0].time;
                else if (i == 100)
                    t = stats[requests - 1].time;
                else
                    t = stats[(int) (0.5 + requests * i / 100.0)].time;
                fprintf(out, "%d,%e\n", i, (double)t);
            }
            fclose(out);
        }

    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */

/* calculate and output results in HTML  */

static void output_html_results(void)
{
    long timetaken;

    endtime = apr_time_now();
    timetaken = (long)((endtime - start) / 1000);

    printf("\n\n<table %s>\n", tablestring);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Software:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, servername);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Hostname:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, hostname);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Server Port:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%hd</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, port);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Path:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%s</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, path);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Document Length:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_SIZE_T_FMT " bytes</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doclen);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Concurrency Level:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, concurrency);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Time taken for tests:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%" APR_INT64_T_FMT ".%03ld seconds</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, apr_time_sec(timetaken),
           (long)apr_time_usec(timetaken));
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Complete requests:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, done);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Failed requests:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, bad);
    if (bad)
        printf("<tr %s><td colspan=4 %s >   (Connect: %d, Length: %d, Exceptions: %d)</td></tr>\n",
           trstring, tdstring, err_conn, err_length, err_except);
    if (err_response)
        printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Non-2xx responses:</th>"
           "<td colspan=2 %s>%d</td></tr>\n",
           trstring, tdstring, tdstring, err_response);
    if (keepalive)
        printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Keep-Alive requests:</th>"
           "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
           trstring, tdstring, tdstring, doneka);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total transferred:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld bytes</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalread);
    if (posting > 0)
        printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Total POSTed:</th>"
           "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld</td></tr>\n",
           trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalposted);
    printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>HTML transferred:</th>"
       "<td colspan=2 %s>%ld bytes</td></tr>\n",
       trstring, tdstring, tdstring, totalbread);

    /* avoid divide by zero */
    if (timetaken) {
        printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Requests per second:</th>"
           "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f</td></tr>\n",
           trstring, tdstring, tdstring, 1000 * (float) (done) / timetaken);
        printf("<tr %s><th colspan=2 %s>Transfer rate:</th>"
           "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s received</td></tr>\n",
           trstring, tdstring, tdstring, (float) (totalread) / timetaken);
        if (posting > 0) {
            printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s>&nbsp;</td>"
               "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s sent</td></tr>\n",
               trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
               (float) (totalposted) / timetaken);
            printf("<tr %s><td colspan=2 %s>&nbsp;</td>"
               "<td colspan=2 %s>%.2f kb/s total</td></tr>\n",
               trstring, tdstring, tdstring,
               (float) (totalread + totalposted) / timetaken);
        }
    }
    {
        /* work out connection times */
        long i;
        apr_interval_time_t totalcon = 0, total = 0;
        apr_interval_time_t mincon = AB_MAX, mintot = AB_MAX;
        apr_interval_time_t maxcon = 0, maxtot = 0;

        for (i = 0; i < requests; i++) {
            struct data s = stats[i];
            mincon = ap_min(mincon, s.ctime);
            mintot = ap_min(mintot, s.time);
            maxcon = ap_max(maxcon, s.ctime);
            maxtot = ap_max(maxtot, s.time);
            totalcon += s.ctime;
            total += s.time;
        }

        if (requests > 0) { /* avoid division by zero (if 0 requests) */
            printf("<tr %s><th %s colspan=4>Connnection Times (ms)</th></tr>\n",
               trstring, tdstring);
            printf("<tr %s><th %s>&nbsp;</th> <th %s>min</th>   <th %s>avg</th>   <th %s>max</th></tr>\n",
               trstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring, tdstring);
            printf("<tr %s><th %s>Connect:</th>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
               trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mincon, tdstring, totalcon / requests, tdstring, maxcon);
            printf("<tr %s><th %s>Processing:</th>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
               trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot - mincon, tdstring,
               (total / requests) - (totalcon / requests), tdstring, maxtot - maxcon);
            printf("<tr %s><th %s>Total:</th>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td>"
               "<td %s>%5" APR_TIME_T_FMT "</td></tr>\n",
               trstring, tdstring, tdstring, mintot, tdstring, total / requests, tdstring, maxtot);
        }
        printf("</table>\n");
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */

/* start asnchronous non-blocking connection */

static void start_connect(struct connection * c)
{
    apr_status_t rv;

    if (!(started < requests))
    return;

    c->read = 0;
    c->bread = 0;
    c->keepalive = 0;
    c->cbx = 0;
    c->gotheader = 0;
    c->rwrite = 0;
    if (c->ctx)
        apr_pool_destroy(c->ctx);
    apr_pool_create(&c->ctx, cntxt);

    if ((rv = apr_socket_create(&c->aprsock, destsa->family,
                SOCK_STREAM, 0, c->ctx)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
    apr_err("socket", rv);
    }
    if ((rv = apr_socket_opt_set(c->aprsock, APR_SO_NONBLOCK, 1))
         != APR_SUCCESS) {
        apr_err("socket nonblock", rv);
    }
    c->start = apr_time_now();
#ifdef USE_SSL
    if (is_ssl) {
        BIO *bio;
        apr_os_sock_t fd;

        if ((c->ssl = SSL_new(ssl_ctx)) == NULL) {
            BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL_new failed.\n");
            ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
            exit(1);
        }
        ssl_rand_seed();
        apr_os_sock_get(&fd, c->aprsock);
        bio = BIO_new_socket(fd, BIO_NOCLOSE);
        SSL_set_bio(c->ssl, bio, bio);
        SSL_set_connect_state(c->ssl);
        if (verbosity >= 4) {
            BIO_set_callback(bio, ssl_print_cb);
            BIO_set_callback_arg(bio, bio_err);
        }
    } else {
        c->ssl = NULL;
    }
#endif
    if ((rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
        if (APR_STATUS_IS_EINPROGRESS(rv)) {
            apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
            c->state = STATE_CONNECTING;
            c->rwrite = 0;
            new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
            new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLOUT;
            new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
            new_pollfd.client_data = c;
            apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
            return;
        }
        else {
            apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
            remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
            remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
            apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
            apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
            err_conn++;
            if (bad++ > 10) {
                fprintf(stderr,
                   "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
                apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
            }
            c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
            start_connect(c);
            return;
        }
    }

    /* connected first time */
    c->state = STATE_CONNECTED;
    started++;
#ifdef USE_SSL
    if (c->ssl) {
        ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
    } else
#endif
    {
        write_request(c);
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */

/* close down connection and save stats */

static void close_connection(struct connection * c)
{
    if (c->read == 0 && c->keepalive) {
        /*
         * server has legitimately shut down an idle keep alive request
         */
        if (good)
            good--;     /* connection never happened */
    }
    else {
        if (good == 1) {
            /* first time here */
            doclen = c->bread;
        }
        else if (c->bread != doclen) {
            bad++;
            err_length++;
        }
        /* save out time */
        if (done < requests) {
            struct data s;
            if ((done) && heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Completed %ld requests\n", done);
                fflush(stderr);
            }
            c->done = apr_time_now();
            s.read = c->read;
            s.starttime = c->start;
            s.ctime = ap_max(0, (c->connect - c->start) / 1000);
            s.time = ap_max(0, (c->done - c->start) / 1000);
            s.waittime = ap_max(0, (c->beginread - c->endwrite) / 1000);
            stats[done++] = s;
        }
    }

    {
        apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
        remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
        remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
        apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
#ifdef USE_SSL
        if (c->ssl) {
            SSL_shutdown(c->ssl);
            SSL_free(c->ssl);
            c->ssl = NULL;
        }
#endif
        apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
    }
    c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;

    /* connect again */
    start_connect(c);
    return;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */

/* read data from connection */

static void read_connection(struct connection * c)
{
    apr_size_t r;
    apr_status_t status;
    char *part;
    char respcode[4];       /* 3 digits and null */

    r = sizeof(buffer);
#ifdef USE_SSL
    if (c->ssl) {
        status = SSL_read(c->ssl, buffer, r);
        if (status <= 0) {
            int scode = SSL_get_error(c->ssl, status);

            if (scode == SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN) {
                /* connection closed cleanly: */
                good++;
                close_connection(c);
            }
            else if (scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE
                     && scode != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
                /* some fatal error: */
                c->read = 0;
                BIO_printf(bio_err, "SSL read failed - closing connection\n");
                ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
                close_connection(c);
            }
            return;
        }
        r = status;
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        status = apr_socket_recv(c->aprsock, buffer, &r);
        if (APR_STATUS_IS_EAGAIN(status))
            return;
        else if (r == 0 && APR_STATUS_IS_EOF(status)) {
            good++;
            close_connection(c);
            return;
        }
        /* catch legitimate fatal apr_socket_recv errors */
        else if (status != APR_SUCCESS) {
            err_except++; /* XXX: is this the right error counter? */
            /* XXX: Should errors here be fatal, or should we allow a
             * certain number of them before completely failing? -aaron */
            apr_err("apr_socket_recv", status);
        }
    }

    totalread += r;
    if (c->read == 0) {
        c->beginread = apr_time_now();
    }
    c->read += r;


    if (!c->gotheader) {
        char *s;
        int l = 4;
        apr_size_t space = CBUFFSIZE - c->cbx - 1; /* -1 allows for \0 term */
        int tocopy = (space < r) ? space : r;
#ifdef NOT_ASCII
        apr_size_t inbytes_left = space, outbytes_left = space;

        status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(from_ascii, buffer, &inbytes_left,
                           c->cbuff + c->cbx, &outbytes_left);
        if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
            fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%u/%u)\n",
                status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
            exit(1);
        }
#else
        memcpy(c->cbuff + c->cbx, buffer, space);
#endif              /* NOT_ASCII */
        c->cbx += tocopy;
        space -= tocopy;
        c->cbuff[c->cbx] = 0;   /* terminate for benefit of strstr */
        if (verbosity >= 2) {
            printf("LOG: header received:\n%s\n", c->cbuff);
        }
        s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\r\n\r\n");
        /*
         * this next line is so that we talk to NCSA 1.5 which blatantly
         * breaks the http specifaction
         */
        if (!s) {
            s = strstr(c->cbuff, "\n\n");
            l = 2;
        }

        if (!s) {
            /* read rest next time */
            if (space) {
                return;
            }
            else {
            /* header is in invalid or too big - close connection */
                apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
                remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
                remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
                apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
                apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
                err_response++;
                if (bad++ > 10) {
                    err("\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
                }
                start_connect(c);
            }
        }
        else {
            /* have full header */
            if (!good) {
                /*
                 * this is first time, extract some interesting info
                 */
                char *p, *q;
                p = strstr(c->cbuff, "Server:");
                q = servername;
                if (p) {
                    p += 8;
                    while (*p > 32)
                    *q++ = *p++;
                }
                *q = 0;
            }
            /*
             * XXX: this parsing isn't even remotely HTTP compliant... but in
             * the interest of speed it doesn't totally have to be, it just
             * needs to be extended to handle whatever servers folks want to
             * test against. -djg
             */

            /* check response code */
            part = strstr(c->cbuff, "HTTP");    /* really HTTP/1.x_ */
            if (part && strlen(part) > strlen("HTTP/1.x_")) {
                strncpy(respcode, (part + strlen("HTTP/1.x_")), 3);
                respcode[3] = '\0';
            }
            else {
                strcpy(respcode, "500");
            }

            if (respcode[0] != '2') {
                err_response++;
                if (verbosity >= 2)
                    printf("WARNING: Response code not 2xx (%s)\n", respcode);
            }
            else if (verbosity >= 3) {
                printf("LOG: Response code = %s\n", respcode);
            }
            c->gotheader = 1;
            *s = 0;     /* terminate at end of header */
            if (keepalive &&
            (strstr(c->cbuff, "Keep-Alive")
             || strstr(c->cbuff, "keep-alive"))) {  /* for benefit of MSIIS */
                char *cl;
                cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-Length:");
                /* handle NCSA, which sends Content-length: */
                if (!cl)
                    cl = strstr(c->cbuff, "Content-length:");
                if (cl) {
                    c->keepalive = 1;
                    c->length = atoi(cl + 16);
                }
            }
            c->bread += c->cbx - (s + l - c->cbuff) + r - tocopy;
            totalbread += c->bread;
        }
    }
    else {
        /* outside header, everything we have read is entity body */
        c->bread += r;
        totalbread += r;
    }

    if (c->keepalive && (c->bread >= c->length)) {
        /* finished a keep-alive connection */
        good++;
        /* save out time */
        if (good == 1) {
            /* first time here */
            doclen = c->bread;
        }
        else if (c->bread != doclen) {
            bad++;
            err_length++;
        }
        if (done < requests) {
            struct data s;
            doneka++;
            if (done && heartbeatres && !(done % heartbeatres)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Completed %ld requests\n", done);
                fflush(stderr);
            }
            c->done = apr_time_now();
            s.read = c->read;
            s.starttime = c->start;
            s.ctime = ap_max(0, (c->connect - c->start) / 1000);
            s.waittime = ap_max(0, (c->beginread - c->endwrite) / 1000);
            s.time = ap_max(0, (c->done - c->start) / 1000);
            stats[done++] = s;
        }
        c->keepalive = 0;
        c->length = 0;
        c->gotheader = 0;
        c->cbx = 0;
        c->read = c->bread = 0;
        c->start = c->connect = apr_time_now(); /* zero connect time with keep-alive */
        write_request(c);
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------- */

/* run the tests */

static void test(void)
{
    apr_time_t now;
    apr_int16_t rv;
    long i;
    apr_status_t status;
    int snprintf_res = 0;
#ifdef NOT_ASCII
    apr_size_t inbytes_left, outbytes_left;
#endif

    if (isproxy) {
        connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, proxyhost);
        connectport = proxyport;
    }
    else {
        connecthost = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, hostname);
        connectport = port;
    }

    if (!use_html) {
        printf("Benchmarking %s ", hostname);
    if (isproxy)
        printf("[through %s:%d] ", proxyhost, proxyport);
    printf("(be patient)%s",
           (heartbeatres ? "\n" : "..."));
    fflush(stdout);
    }

    now = apr_time_now();

    con = calloc(concurrency, sizeof(struct connection));

    stats = calloc(requests, sizeof(struct data));

    if ((status = apr_pollset_create(&readbits, concurrency, cntxt, 0)) != APR_SUCCESS) {
        apr_err("apr_pollset_create failed", status);
    }

    /* setup request */
    if (posting <= 0) {
        snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request, sizeof(_request),
            "%s %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
            "User-Agent: ApacheBench/%s\r\n"
            "%s" "%s" "%s"
            "Host: %s%s\r\n"
            "Accept: */*\r\n"
            "%s" "\r\n",
            (posting == 0) ? "GET" : "HEAD",
            (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
            AP_AB_BASEREVISION,
            keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
            cookie, auth, host_field, colonhost, hdrs);
    }
    else {
        snprintf_res = apr_snprintf(request,  sizeof(_request),
            "POST %s HTTP/1.0\r\n"
            "User-Agent: ApacheBench/%s\r\n"
            "%s" "%s" "%s"
            "Host: %s%s\r\n"
            "Accept: */*\r\n"
            "Content-length: %" APR_SIZE_T_FMT "\r\n"
            "Content-type: %s\r\n"
            "%s"
            "\r\n",
            (isproxy) ? fullurl : path,
            AP_AB_BASEREVISION,
            keepalive ? "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n" : "",
            cookie, auth,
            host_field, colonhost, postlen,
            (content_type[0]) ? content_type : "text/plain", hdrs);
    }
    if (snprintf_res >= sizeof(_request)) {
        err("Request too long\n");
    }

    if (verbosity >= 2)
        printf("INFO: POST header == \n---\n%s\n---\n", request);

    reqlen = strlen(request);

    /*
     * Combine headers and (optional) post file into one contineous buffer
     */
    if (posting == 1) {
        char *buff = malloc(postlen + reqlen + 1);
        if (!buff) {
            fprintf(stderr, "error creating request buffer: out of memory\n");
            return;
        }
        strcpy(buff, request);
        memcpy(buff + reqlen, postdata, postlen);
        request = buff;
    }

#ifdef NOT_ASCII
    inbytes_left = outbytes_left = reqlen;
    status = apr_xlate_conv_buffer(to_ascii, request, &inbytes_left,
                   request, &outbytes_left);
    if (status || inbytes_left || outbytes_left) {
        fprintf(stderr, "only simple translation is supported (%d/%u/%u)\n",
           status, inbytes_left, outbytes_left);
        exit(1);
    }
#endif              /* NOT_ASCII */

    /* This only needs to be done once */
    if ((rv = apr_sockaddr_info_get(&destsa, connecthost, APR_UNSPEC, connectport, 0, cntxt))
       != APR_SUCCESS) {
        char buf[120];
        apr_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                 "apr_sockaddr_info_get() for %s", connecthost);
        apr_err(buf, rv);
    }

    /* ok - lets start */
    start = apr_time_now();

    /* initialise lots of requests */
    for (i = 0; i < concurrency; i++) {
        con[i].socknum = i;
        start_connect(&con[i]);
    }

    while (done < requests) {
        apr_int32_t n;
        apr_int32_t timed;
            const apr_pollfd_t *pollresults;

        /* check for time limit expiry */
        now = apr_time_now();
        timed = (apr_int32_t)apr_time_sec(now - start);
        if (tlimit && timed >= tlimit) {
            requests = done;    /* so stats are correct */
            break;      /* no need to do another round */
        }

        n = concurrency;
        status = apr_pollset_poll(readbits, aprtimeout, &n, &pollresults);
        if (status != APR_SUCCESS)
            apr_err("apr_poll", status);

        if (!n) {
            err("\nServer timed out\n\n");
        }

        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            const apr_pollfd_t *next_fd = &(pollresults[i]);
            struct connection *c;

                c = next_fd->client_data;

            /*
             * If the connection isn't connected how can we check it?
             */
            if (c->state == STATE_UNCONNECTED)
                continue;

            rv = next_fd->rtnevents;

#ifdef USE_SSL
            if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTED && c->ssl && SSL_in_init(c->ssl)) {
                ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
                continue;
            }
#endif

            /*
             * Notes: APR_POLLHUP is set after FIN is received on some
             * systems, so treat that like APR_POLLIN so that we try to read
             * again.
             *
             * Some systems return APR_POLLERR with APR_POLLHUP.  We need to
             * call read_connection() for APR_POLLHUP, so check for
             * APR_POLLHUP first so that a closed connection isn't treated
             * like an I/O error.  If it is, we never figure out that the
             * connection is done and we loop here endlessly calling
             * apr_poll().
             */
            if ((rv & APR_POLLIN) || (rv & APR_POLLPRI) || (rv & APR_POLLHUP))
                read_connection(c);
            if ((rv & APR_POLLERR) || (rv & APR_POLLNVAL)) {
                bad++;
                err_except++;
                start_connect(c);
                continue;
            }
            if (rv & APR_POLLOUT) {
                if (c->state == STATE_CONNECTING) {
                    apr_pollfd_t remove_pollfd;
                    rv = apr_socket_connect(c->aprsock, destsa);
                    remove_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
                    remove_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
                    apr_pollset_remove(readbits, &remove_pollfd);
                    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
                        apr_socket_close(c->aprsock);
                        err_conn++;
                        if (bad++ > 10) {
                            fprintf(stderr,
                                    "\nTest aborted after 10 failures\n\n");
                            apr_err("apr_socket_connect()", rv);
                        }
                        c->state = STATE_UNCONNECTED;
                        start_connect(c);
                        continue;
                    }
                    else {
                        c->state = STATE_CONNECTED;
                        started++;
#ifdef USE_SSL
                        if (c->ssl)
                            ssl_proceed_handshake(c);
                        else
#endif
                        write_request(c);
                    }
                }
                else {
                    write_request(c);
                }
            }

            /*
             * When using a select based poll every time we check the bits
             * are reset. In 1.3's ab we copied the FD_SET's each time
             * through, but here we're going to check the state and if the
             * connection is in STATE_READ or STATE_CONNECTING we'll add the
             * socket back in as APR_POLLIN.
             */
                if (c->state == STATE_READ) {
                    apr_pollfd_t new_pollfd;
                    new_pollfd.desc_type = APR_POLL_SOCKET;
                    new_pollfd.reqevents = APR_POLLIN;
                    new_pollfd.desc.s = c->aprsock;
                    new_pollfd.client_data = c;
                    apr_pollset_add(readbits, &new_pollfd);
                }
        }
    }

    if (heartbeatres)
        fprintf(stderr, "Finished %ld requests\n", done);
    else
        printf("..done\n");

    if (use_html)
        output_html_results();
    else
        output_results();
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------- */

/* display copyright information */
static void copyright(void)
{
    if (!use_html) {
        printf("This is ApacheBench, Version %s\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION " <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0");
        printf("Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/\n");
        printf("Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/\n");
        printf("\n");
    }
    else {
        printf("<p>\n");
        printf(" This is ApacheBench, Version %s <i>&lt;%s&gt;</i> apache-2.0<br>\n", AP_AB_BASEREVISION, "$Revision: 1.146 $");
        printf(" Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/<br>\n");
        printf(" Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/<br>\n");
        printf("</p>\n<p>\n");
    }
}

/* display usage information */
static void usage(const char *progname)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] [http"
#ifdef USE_SSL
        "[s]"
#endif
        "://]hostname[:port]/path\n", progname);
    fprintf(stderr, "Options are:\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -n requests     Number of requests to perform\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. wait for responses\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -p postfile     File containing data to POST\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -T content-type Content-type header for POSTing\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -w              Print out results in HTML tables\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234. (repeatable)\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "                    are a colon separated username and password.\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "                    are a colon separated username and password.\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -V              Print version number and exit\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -h              Display usage information (this message)\n");
#ifdef USE_SSL
    fprintf(stderr, "    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, SSL3, TLS1, or ALL)\n");
#endif
    exit(EINVAL);
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------- */

/* split URL into parts */

static int parse_url(char *url)
{
    char *cp;
    char *h;
    char *scope_id;
    apr_status_t rv;

    /* Save a copy for the proxy */
    fullurl = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, url);

    if (strlen(url) > 7 && strncmp(url, "http://", 7) == 0) {
        url += 7;
#ifdef USE_SSL
        is_ssl = 0;
#endif
    }
    else
#ifdef USE_SSL
    if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
        url += 8;
        is_ssl = 1;
    }
#else
    if (strlen(url) > 8 && strncmp(url, "https://", 8) == 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "SSL not compiled in; no https support\n");
        exit(1);
    }
#endif

    if ((cp = strchr(url, '/')) == NULL)
        return 1;
    h = apr_palloc(cntxt, cp - url + 1);
    memcpy(h, url, cp - url);
    h[cp - url] = '\0';
    rv = apr_parse_addr_port(&hostname, &scope_id, &port, h, cntxt);
    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS || !hostname || scope_id) {
        return 1;
    }
    path = apr_pstrdup(cntxt, cp);
    *cp = '\0';
    if (*url == '[') {      /* IPv6 numeric address string */
        host_field = apr_psprintf(cntxt, "[%s]", hostname);
    }
    else {
        host_field = hostname;
    }

    if (port == 0) {        /* no port specified */
#ifdef USE_SSL
        if (is_ssl)
            port = 443;
        else
#endif
        port = 80;
    }

    if ((
#ifdef USE_SSL
         is_ssl && (port != 443)) || (!is_ssl &&
#endif
         (port != 80)))
    {
        colonhost = apr_psprintf(cntxt,":%d",port);
    } else
        colonhost = "";
    return 0;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------- */

/* read data to POST from file, save contents and length */

static int open_postfile(const char *pfile)
{
    apr_file_t *postfd;
    apr_finfo_t finfo;
    apr_status_t rv;
    char errmsg[120];

    rv = apr_file_open(&postfd, pfile, APR_READ, APR_OS_DEFAULT, cntxt);
    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not open POST data file (%s): %s\n", pfile,
                apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
        return rv;
    }

    apr_file_info_get(&finfo, APR_FINFO_NORM, postfd);
    postlen = (apr_size_t)finfo.size;
    postdata = malloc(postlen);
    if (!postdata) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not allocate POST data buffer\n");
        return APR_ENOMEM;
    }
    rv = apr_file_read_full(postfd, postdata, postlen, NULL);
    if (rv != APR_SUCCESS) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ab: Could not read POST data file: %s\n",
                apr_strerror(rv, errmsg, sizeof errmsg));
        return rv;
    }
    apr_file_close(postfd);
    return 0;
}

/* ------------------------------------------------------- */

/* sort out command-line args and call test */
int main(int argc, const char * const argv[])
{
    int r, l;
    char tmp[1024];
    apr_status_t status;
    apr_getopt_t *opt;
    const char *optarg;
    char c;
#ifdef USE_SSL
    SSL_METHOD *meth = SSLv23_client_method();
#endif

    /* table defaults  */
    tablestring = "";
    trstring = "";
    tdstring = "bgcolor=white";
    cookie = "";
    auth = "";
    proxyhost[0] = '\0';
    hdrs = "";

    apr_app_initialize(&argc, &argv, NULL);
    atexit(apr_terminate);
    apr_pool_create(&cntxt, NULL);

#ifdef NOT_ASCII
    status = apr_xlate_open(&to_ascii, "ISO-8859-1", APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, cntxt);
    if (status) {
        fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(to ASCII)->%d\n", status);
        exit(1);
    }
    status = apr_xlate_open(&from_ascii, APR_DEFAULT_CHARSET, "ISO-8859-1", cntxt);
    if (status) {
        fprintf(stderr, "apr_xlate_open(from ASCII)->%d\n", status);
        exit(1);
    }
    status = apr_base64init_ebcdic(to_ascii, from_ascii);
    if (status) {
        fprintf(stderr, "apr_base64init_ebcdic()->%d\n", status);
        exit(1);
    }
#endif

    apr_getopt_init(&opt, cntxt, argc, argv);
    while ((status = apr_getopt(opt, "n:c:t:T:p:v:kVhwix:y:z:C:H:P:A:g:X:de:Sq"
#ifdef USE_SSL
            "Z:f:"
#endif
            ,&c, &optarg)) == APR_SUCCESS) {
        switch (c) {
            case 'n':
                requests = atoi(optarg);
                if (!requests) {
                    err("Invalid number of requests\n");
                }
                break;
            case 'k':
                keepalive = 1;
                break;
            case 'q':
                heartbeatres = 0;
                break;
            case 'c':
                concurrency = atoi(optarg);
                break;
            case 'i':
                if (posting == 1)
                err("Cannot mix POST and HEAD\n");
                posting = -1;
                break;
            case 'g':
                gnuplot = strdup(optarg);
                break;
            case 'd':
                percentile = 0;
                break;
            case 'e':
                csvperc = strdup(optarg);
                break;
            case 'S':
                confidence = 0;
                break;
            case 'p':
                if (posting != 0)
                    err("Cannot mix POST and HEAD\n");
                if (0 == (r = open_postfile(optarg))) {
                    posting = 1;
                }
                else if (postdata) {
                    exit(r);
                }
                break;
            case 'v':
                verbosity = atoi(optarg);
                break;
            case 't':
                tlimit = atoi(optarg);
                requests = MAX_REQUESTS;    /* need to size data array on
                                             * something */
                break;
            case 'T':
                strcpy(content_type, optarg);
                break;
            case 'C':
                cookie = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, "Cookie: ", optarg, "\r\n", NULL);
                break;
            case 'A':
                /*
                 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
                 * Ready to be uu-encoded.
                 */
                while (apr_isspace(*optarg))
                    optarg++;
                if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(optarg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
                    err("Authentication credentials too long\n");
                }
                l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, optarg, strlen(optarg));
                tmp[l] = '\0';

                auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Authorization: Basic ", tmp,
                                       "\r\n", NULL);
                break;
            case 'P':
                /*
                 * assume username passwd already to be in colon separated form.
                 */
                while (apr_isspace(*optarg))
                optarg++;
                if (apr_base64_encode_len(strlen(optarg)) > sizeof(tmp)) {
                    err("Proxy credentials too long\n");
                }
                l = apr_base64_encode(tmp, optarg, strlen(optarg));
                tmp[l] = '\0';

                auth = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, auth, "Proxy-Authorization: Basic ",
                                       tmp, "\r\n", NULL);
                break;
            case 'H':
                hdrs = apr_pstrcat(cntxt, hdrs, optarg, "\r\n", NULL);
                break;
            case 'w':
                use_html = 1;
                break;
                /*
                 * if any of the following three are used, turn on html output
                 * automatically
                 */
            case 'x':
                use_html = 1;
                tablestring = optarg;
                break;
            case 'X':
                {
                    char *p;
                    /*
                     * assume proxy-name[:port]
                     */
                    if ((p = strchr(optarg, ':'))) {
                        *p = '\0';
                        p++;
                        proxyport = atoi(p);
                    }
                    strcpy(proxyhost, optarg);
                    isproxy = 1;
                }
                break;
            case 'y':
                use_html = 1;
                trstring = optarg;
                break;
            case 'z':
                use_html = 1;
                tdstring = optarg;
                break;
            case 'h':
                usage(argv[0]);
                break;
            case 'V':
                copyright();
                return 0;
#ifdef USE_SSL
            case 'Z':
                ssl_cipher = strdup(optarg);
                break;
            case 'f':
                if (strncasecmp(optarg, "ALL", 3) == 0) {
                    meth = SSLv23_client_method();
                } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "SSL2", 4) == 0) {
                    meth = SSLv2_client_method();
                } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "SSL3", 4) == 0) {
                    meth = SSLv3_client_method();
                } else if (strncasecmp(optarg, "TLS1", 4) == 0) {
                    meth = TLSv1_client_method();
                }
                break;
#endif
        }
    }

    if (opt->ind != argc - 1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: wrong number of arguments\n", argv[0]);
        usage(argv[0]);
    }

    if (parse_url(apr_pstrdup(cntxt, opt->argv[opt->ind++]))) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid URL\n", argv[0]);
        usage(argv[0]);
    }

    if ((concurrency < 0) || (concurrency > MAX_CONCURRENCY)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: Invalid Concurrency [Range 0..%d]\n",
                argv[0], MAX_CONCURRENCY);
        usage(argv[0]);
    }

    if (concurrency > requests) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s: Cannot use concurrency level greater than "
                "total number of requests\n", argv[0]);
        usage(argv[0]);
    }

    if ((heartbeatres) && (requests > 150)) {
        heartbeatres = requests / 10;   /* Print line every 10% of requests */
        if (heartbeatres < 100)
            heartbeatres = 100; /* but never more often than once every 100
                                 * connections. */
    }
    else
        heartbeatres = 0;

#ifdef USE_SSL
#ifdef RSAREF
    R_malloc_init();
#else
    CRYPTO_malloc_init();
#endif
    SSL_load_error_strings();
    SSL_library_init();
    bio_out=BIO_new_fp(stdout,BIO_NOCLOSE);
    bio_err=BIO_new_fp(stderr,BIO_NOCLOSE);

    if (!(ssl_ctx = SSL_CTX_new(meth))) {
        BIO_printf(bio_err, "Could not initialize SSL Context.\n");
        ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
        exit(1);
    }
    SSL_CTX_set_options(ssl_ctx, SSL_OP_ALL);
    if (ssl_cipher != NULL) {
        if (!SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(ssl_ctx, ssl_cipher)) {
            fprintf(stderr, "error setting cipher list [%s]\n", ssl_cipher);
        ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
        exit(1);
    }
    }
    if (verbosity >= 3) {
        SSL_CTX_set_info_callback(ssl_ctx, ssl_state_cb);
    }
#endif
#ifdef SIGPIPE
    apr_signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);       /* Ignore writes to connections that
                                         * have been closed at the other end. */
#endif
    copyright();
    test();
    apr_pool_destroy(cntxt);

    return 0;
}
