SYNOPSIS

       pgrep [-flnovx] [-d delim] [-P ppidlist] [-g pgrplist] [-s sidlist]
              [-u euidlist] [-U uidlist] [-G gidlist] [-t termlist] [pattern]

       pkill [-signal] [-fnovx] [-P ppidlist] [-g pgrplist] [-s sidlist]
              [-u euidlist] [-U uidlist] [-G gidlist] [-t termlist] [pattern]

DESCRIPTION

       Pgrep  searches  the  currently  active processes for occurences of the
       specified pattern and prints the process  IDs  of  the  matching  ones.
       Pattern  is  treated  as an extended regular expression as described in
       egrep(1).  A number of options can be used in addition to  the  pattern
       (or without specifying pattern) to further restrict the set of matching
       processes.  Multiple criteria  can  be  specified  for  each  of  these
       options,  separated  by  commas or blanks, or by giving the option more
       than once.  In this case, all processes that match  any  of  the  given
       criteria are considered matches.  If more than one kind of criterion is
       specified, a process must match each kind of criterion.

       Pkill is similar to pgrep, but a signal (SIGTERM by default) is sent to
       matching  processes instead of printing its process ID.  The signal can
       be changed with the -signal argument; this argument must appear  before
       all options to be recognized.  Signal can be either numeric or symbolic
       with the SIG prefix omitted (as in QUIT for SIGQUIT).

       Zombie processes and the current  pgrep  or  pkill  process  are  never
       included.

       Both commands accept the following options:

       -d delim    Use  the specified delimiter string to separate process IDs
                   in output.  By default, a newline character is used.   This
                   option is accepted by pgrep only.

       -f          Use  the  command line arguments of each process instead of
                   the name of its executable file for matching, and, if -l is
                   also specified, for printing.

       -g pgrplist Restrict  matches  to  processes  whose  process  group  ID
                   appears in pgrplist.  If an ID is `0', the process group ID
                   of the current process is used.

       -G gidlist  Restrict  matches  to processes whose real group ID appears
                   in gidlist.

       -l          Print the command name in addition to the process ID.  This
                   option is accepted by pgrep only.

       -n          Select  only  the newest (most recently created) process of
                   all processes that matched the other criteria.   Cannot  be
                   combined with -o.


       -u uidlist  Restrict matches  to  processes  whose  effective  user  ID
                   appears in uidlist.

       -U uidlist  Restrict matches to processes whose real user ID appears in
                   uidlist.

       -v          Reverse the match, that is, select all processes that  fail
                   to fulfill the given criteria.

       -x          Require  the  entire process name to be matched, as if pat-
                   tern was surrounded by `^( )$'.

EXAMPLES

       Determine the process ID of the inetd process:

              pgrep -x inetd

       Print all processes that have a  first  argument  starting  with  /bin/
       along with their arguments:

              pgrep -l -f '^/bin/'

       Send a SIGHUP signal to all processes that are owned by either the root
       or the daemon user and are children of the init process (process ID 1):

              pkill -HUP -u root,daemon -P 1

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       LANG, LC_ALL
              See locale(7).

       LC_COLLATE
              Affects  the  collation order for range expressions, equivalence
              classes, and collation symbols in extended regular  expressions.

       LC_CTYPE
              Determines the mapping of bytes to characters and the availabil-
              ity and composition of character  classes  in  extended  regular
              expressions.

SEE ALSO

       egrep(1), ps(1), locale(7)

DIAGNOSTICS

       Pgrep and Pkill exit with

       0      if  matching  processes  were  found,  and the -v option was not
              specified;
       1      if no matching processes were found, or the -v option was speci-
              fied without any matches;